Improvement in machine poe grinding cutters of mowing-michines



S. W. & J. P. PALMER. v MACHINE FOR GRINDING GUTTERS 0F MOWING MACHINES.

No. 80,761. Patented Aug. 4, 1868.

jiz'venlom. I flas I w my M/Zfi guitar, tetra getmtffircd S. W. PALMER AND J. F. PALMER, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO E. G. STORKE,

' S. U. PALMER, AND CLARA M. PALMER, OF- SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 80,761, dated August 4, 1868.

die fitlgtimlt refzmh in i1! tips: new hated imil muting met if lie sums.

T0 WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, S. W. Panama and J. F PALMER, of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Grinding the Sections of Mower and Reaper-Knives and other articles; and we hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Our invention refers mainly to the construction of hand-grinding machines for mower and reaper-knives and other articles; and one of its objects is to produce a better and cheaper grinding-wheel than has heretofore been done.

To this end we combine with the body of the wheel a rim, of emery or other. like material, which is secured to the periphery of the wheel in the manner hereinafter described; and we further combine with the wheel a water-trough, for preventing the heating of the grinding-surface, and a stulfing-box for taking up the excess of water from the wheel. I

In order to impart motion to the wheel, we employ bevelled gearing, arranged as hereinafter described, so as to throw the crank out of the way of the work, and to give greatly-increased speed to the grinding-surface; and in Order to insure at all times the proper meshing of the gears, we support the grinding-wheel in conical bearings, which can be moved towards or away from the centre, so as to readily adjust the depth of the mesh of the gearing, such hearings being also adapted to be kept at the ex t degree of tightness required without producing unnecessary friction. I i

Afurther object of our invention is to construct theta'ble upon which the article to be ground is held, and to combine itwith the wheel, in such manner as to admit of the grinding of each face of any section of a reaper-knife with ease, and to regulate with certainty the bevel to be given to the blade.

To this end the table is adapted, first, to move laterally, or from right to left,- and vice versa, across the wheel, the object of this movement being to prevent the eye on the endof thereaper or mower cutter-bar from interfering with the grinding ofthe section next to it; secondly, it is capable of being tilted or raised and lowcred nponthe hinge-joint upon which it is-hung, so as to vary its angle of inclination with respect to the wheel, and thus determine the bevel of the cutting-edge which is being ground; and this hinge-joint is also so constructed as to allow the table to be moved up towards the wheel,- in proportion as'the grinding-surface wears away.

A further feature of our invention consists in the means hereinafter described, or their equivalent, for

giving the blade or cutting-edge a movement diagonally across the grindingsurfac'e.

One of the gravest objections to other grinding-machines of this class is, that the knives are held rigidly in one position against the stone, thus forcing each edge in succession to conform to any unevenness :in the grinding-surface; and as the latter unavoidably wears away, thc'blade must be imperfectly ground. We remove this defect by causing the section to move diagonally over the grinding-wheel; and in order to admit of the two edges of the section being ground with case, we bevel the surface of the grinding-wheel from the centre towards each side, and mount the clamp which holds the section in a slotted bar, which is pivoted to the table and set at the proper angle to either of the bevelled faces of the wheel, in order to effect the grindingof thc corresponding edge of the section, as will be fully explained hereafter.

' Our inventionvfurthcr relates to the construction of the frame in which the grinding-wheel is supported,

and of the clamp and treadle by means of which the'machine isheld and steadied in position.

These and other features of our invention will, however, best be understood by reference to. the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a maehincmade in accordance with our invention. I

Figure} is a transverse vertical section of the machine through the axis ofthe grinding-wheel; and h igurc S is'a longitudinal section of a detached portion of the machine in the plane of the grinding-wheel. I Thece ntral or main part, A, of the grinding-wheel is made of metal or other suitable material, upon which is east or pressed, orlotherwise attached, a rim,-B, or emery or other'grinding-substance or composition. We prefer, however, to attach the rim to the wheel by means of a tongue, a, projecting centrally from the inner surface of the wheel, which is held between the flange b, on the periphery of the wheel, and the metal ring 0, by means of bolts or pins passing through both tongue and ring and flange. The tongue a is not, however, absolutely essential, as the ilange b and the rings may embrace the body of the rim itself.

The wheel has formed in its hub or axis conical recesses, in which lit the conical ends of pins orbearing C, which are supported in boxes in the frame D, and are held in place by means of set-screws d. Upon the hub of the wheel is keyed a bevelled gear, E, which meshes with a bevelled gear, mounted upon a shaft, G, sup ported in suitable bearings on the sides of the frame, and extending out to the rear of the machine, where it is provided with a crank or handle, H, b'y which motion is imparted 'to the grinding-wheel. v

The conical hearings in which tho wheel is hung cause but little friction, and it will be seen that by loosening the set-screws d, the said bearings, together with the wheel, may be moved to one'side or theother of the machine, so as to adjust the depth of mesh of the gears E F. I I i Beneath the grinding-wheel is placed the water-trough I, thrc'ngh which the rim B passes as the wheel revolves; and at one end is formed the stufiing-box J, which is filled with straw or other suitable material, for taking up the excess of moisture on the surface of the grinding-wheel.

The trough, stuffing-box, and all other parts of the frame, in which the grinding-mechanism is supported, may be cast in one piece if desired, and they are supported upon legs, K, attached, by means of bolts and nuts, to ears formedat the ends of the frame. I

In order to steady and hold the machine in position while it is use, either of the. devices about to be described may be employed.

The rod M M, consisting of two parts united by the swivel-screw nut e, is secured at its upper end to the under side of the water-trough, and its lower end is provided with a treadle, upon which the operator can press with his-foot, so as to steady the machine.

A rope or chain or cord may be substituted for the rod if desired, or the treadle may be dispensed with, and the lower end of the lower red, M, may be attached to the floor, and the machine can then be secured by tightening the'swivel-nut e. I

The combination swivel-clamp N N is intended for holding the machine in placewithout the use ofthe legs K, which may be detached by removing the screw-bolts by which they are held to the frame. The upper washer, N, is hung, by a central .arm,f, upon a set-screw, g, fixed in a bearing formed on the under side of the water-trough, and can be set atvarious angles with respect to theframe, and then held in such position by means of the tightening-nut h. The'lower washer, N, fits loosely upon a screw, 2', projecting downwards from the washer N, andis held in position by tho thumb-nut j. r

In order to secure the machine in position, the lower washer can be removed, and the screw 2' of the upper washer can be passed through'a hole in the platform or table upon which the machine is placed, and then tightened in place by screwing up the lower washer, by means of its thumb-nutj. Or the machine may be firmly secured by fastening the edge of the table or other support between the two washers, by means of'the'clampingscrew k attached to andpassing up through the lower washer.

In the drawing we have shown two different devices for holding in place the moweror reaper-knives,

,scythcs, or other articles to be ground.

The one consists of plate 0, provided on its under side with cars l, which interlock or are held between corresponding cars 12:: on the main frame, and are hung upon a belt, a, passing throughboth ears land m,'and fastened in place by means of a tightening-nut, as shown in fig. '1. To the under side of the plate 0 is attached a table, I, by means of set-screws n, which pass up into the plate, through a longitudinal slot or opening, 0, formed in the table. The lattercan, by this. means, be adjusted or moved to the right or left, as circumstances may require, so that in grinding reaper or mower-knives, the eye on the end of the cutter-bar need not interfere-with the grinding of the section next to it. v

I Upon the plate 0 is placed an adjustable bar, Q, pivoted at its front. end to; that part of the plate just opposite the face of the grinding-wheel. "The other-end of the bar is provided with a sct-screw,,p, the lower headed end of which is held in a segmental slot or groove, q, formed in the rear portion of the plate 0. v The bar Q, can thus be swung from one side to the other of the plate, and fastened firmly in any position by means of thc-set-screw p, its movement being limited by the length of the slot q. I r

This bar is slotted throughout its length to rceeiveapin on the under side of the cutter-bar clamp or holder,

consisting of the two plates or jaws r, hcld'togethcr by a clamping-screw, s. 7

In order to use the mechanism just described, to advantage, we bevel the face of the grinding-wheel from the centre towards each side, as shown plainly at it, fig. 2.

The operation of this portion of the mechanism is substantially as follows: ,7

The cutter-bar R. is clamped between thejaws 1', and helddown in place under angle-plates S on the front of the plate 0, and the adjustable bar Q is then set or moved so that the slot in it shall be parallel or thereabouts withthe prolongation of the edge of the section to be ground, the cutter-bar itself being held at about right angles to the grinding-wheel. This edge of the section is then pushed up towards the grinding-wheel, and by means of the pin on the under side of the clamp, which moves in the slotted bar Q, is caused to travel diagonally across the bevelled surface it of the wheel. Assoon as this edge'of the section is ground, the setscrcwp is loosened, the bar Q is swung through the segmental groove q to the opposite side of the plate 0, and the position of the parts being thus reversed, the opposite edges of the cutter-section is caused to travel diagonally over thesurface t of the grinding-wheel.

The table I may be adjusted to theright or left, for the purpose hereinbeforestated. The hole in the ears I of the cutter-bar, through'whioh the pin n passes, are, as shown in fig. 3, made of considerably greater size than the pin which passes through them. The object of this is twofold, for thereby the table can be moved up nearer the wheel, as the latter wears away, and it can be tilted, or raised and lowered, at its rear end, so as'to increase or decrease to any degree desired the bevel given the cutter-edge in grinding. In order to adjust the table, the nut on the end of the pin is first loosened, and then, after the table is in proper position, the'nut is tightened so as to bind all parts firmly together and in place.

The device at the opposite end of the machine is intended to effect the same results as those just specified. It consists of a cutter-bar clamp, T, which is held or pivoted to aplat, V, by a holding-screw, 1:, which also serves to tighten or press together the jaws of the clamp. The clamp T is capable of being swung from one side tothe other of plate V, a segmental slot, 2:, being formed for this purpose in its outer end, in which fits a pin, y, from the plate V. i i

The plate V is held and slides on a square rod, m, mounted in cylindrical bearings,- formed in arms 12.,

V whichare united to a central pin or cylindrical rod, 12', which is held in a socket or hollow post in the frame of the machine, by means of a set-scre\v, a. From the square rod 112' projects a radial arm, 7;, carrying at its a steadying the some while in use, as herein'shown and specified.

end a curved red, It, the free end of which passes loosely through'an "opening formed for it in one of the supporting-airman. That portion of the curved rod between the end of the radial arms h and the arm n is surrounded by a. spiral spring, Z, or its equivalent, which serves to hold the'tablo or the cutter-bar, which it supports, against the surface of the grinding-wheel, with a yielding pressure.

The operation of this mechanism is" substantially the-same as before described.

. If the article to be ground he a reaperrknife, the cutter-bar is held in the clamp at about right angles to the grinding-wheel, the plate V and supporting-arms being set at an angle to the face of the wheel corresponding with the angle of the knife to be ground,'by means of the set-screw s. A diagonal movement across the face of the wheel may now be imparted to the cutter-bar by sliding the clamp upon the'squaro rod 911, while the blade is held in contact with the wheel by means of the spring I, as before explained. v

Themethod of grinding ordinary scythos and like articles, is essentially the same as with cutter-bars of. reapers, &c., it being, of course, understood that the adjustment of the tables varies, and is governed by-the size ahdshape of the articles to'be ground. 1 I

I If desired, the adjustable table 0 I may be employed with other mechanism than herein described for clamping and adjusting the cutter-bar or other articleto be ground.

' Having n'ow described our invention, and" the manner in which the same is or may be carried into-'efiect,

what'we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the grinding-wheel, and tlie conical adjustable hearings in which it is hung, of th' bevelledgearing and crank for driving said wheel, under the arrangement and for the operation as set forth.

2. The constructionof the watertrough, stufiing -box, and frame or hearings, in which the grinding mechanism is supported, in one piece, substantially as herein and for the purposes set forth. 3. The combination, with the frame of the machine, of the adjustablerod and treadle, for holding and 1. The adjustable swivel-clamp, for holding the machine in position without thc use oflegs or other like supports, constructed and operated substantially as herein described.

-5;-'The cutter-bar, supporting table O P, when constructed andhin'ged to frame or the machine, in the manner described, so that it may be adjusted both laterally and towards and away from the grindingwiheel, as and for the purposes set forth. r g

6. In combination with the parts claimed in the preceding clause, we claim the pivoted slotted bar, having its swinging end held: in a segmental slot. formed in said table, and the 'cutter'bar clamp, with or without the angle-plate S, the said parts being arranged and operated substantially as shown and specified.

T. The employment, in connection withthe mechanism herein described, or its eqiiivalent, for holding'and adjusting the position of reaper-sections and likeai'ticles to be ground, of a grinding-wheel, the surface or rim of which has a double bevelled"form, so thntboth edges of the section may be ground without materially chang-. .ing the position of thecutter-bar, as herein shown and set-forth.

8. The combination; with the arms n, their central supporting-pin, the'hollow post or socket for reeeiving said'pin, and the adjhtingscrew, for holding the same, of the knife or cuttcr-bar clamp, its supporting-plate, and the horiaontal rod upon, which the same are mounted and. slide, the said rod being provided with a radial arm, curved rod and spring, as described, and the whole being arranged to operate in connection with the grinding-wheel, as and for. the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof,.we have signed our names to this specification before two subscribing witnesses S. W. PALMER. J. F. PALMER.

Witnesses:

WM. E. Passe, HENRY H. Sneomn. 

